Thailand’s most significant symbol is arguably elephants. The locals consider this huge trunked beast a national animal that protected the country during the warring era. Other notable symbols are the lotus flower representing Buddhism, Wai for respect, and Garuda for the government.

Needless to say, there is more symbolism in Thailand you should recognize. So read on to find out more about Thai national and traditional symbols.

What are the cultural symbols of Thailand?

As you may know, listing all Thai symbols in one article is impossible. Why? Because the country has more than thousands of symbols representing national values and beliefs. Not to mention the different regional symbolisms.

However, in this article, you can divide Thai symbols into 5 categories: Plants, Animals, Gestures, Colors, and Objects.

But before you move on, let’s discuss the general idea of Thai symbolism.

The origin of Thai symbols

If you are a culture expert, you might already know that symbolism is a tool people use to metaphorically summarize and explain abstracts. For example, fire in Tarot readings usually represents willpower, desire, and drive.

This logic applies to Thailand as well. Thai people use symbols to represent undefinable or complex phenomena and concepts in their own ways.

However, not all the symbols in Thailand originated inside the country. Much of Thai symbolism resembles those of other countries like China, India, and other historical giant nations.

For example, lotus flowers. You can say that Asians recognize this beautiful flower as a symbol of Buddhism alongside the Thammachak. The symbolism originated in India and became well-known over time.

Of course, this doesn’t mean that Thailand has no original symbols. For instance, the locals have a unique way of relating colors to days of the week or unexplainable energy. Of course, it’s superstitious. But it is what they believe.

With that said, let’s start off the list with plant-based symbols.

Plant symbols

1. Lotus

Let’s get the obvious one out of the way.

As mentioned before, lotus is associated heavily with Buddhism. The main reason for this association is thanks to one of the famous teachings of Buddha himself. He compared humans to 4 states of lotus flowers.

• Those who are unredeemable are like underground lotus. They live so deep in the swamp. No matter how much you try to enlighten them, they will take an incredibly long time to reach their bloom.
• The underwater lotus is compared to those with a learning difficulty. They will take a long time to grow to the water’s surface and bloom.
• The surface lotus is for those who are almost ready. With only a couple of pushes, they can reach the peak.
• The blooming lotus is those who are ready to reach enlightenment. Just give them a minimal hint, and they will bloom to the utmost potential.

Furthermore, Thai people also perceive lotus as a symbol of bonds and relationships.

When you cut lotuses at the stem, you can see fibers stretching, trying to keep the whole thing together. Locals compare this to people. They may go their separate ways, but the memories they make will always keep them together.

▸ READ MORE about Thailand’s sacred lotus flower here.

2. Golden shower flower

Arguably the most significant plant in Thailand since it is the national symbol.

The locals believe that if you plant a golden shower tree on your property, your wealth and influence will flourish like the abundant flowers of this tree. So, you can see this tree in every region of Thailand.

And since it grows well in a hot environment, wild golden showers are also common in Thai forests.

Coincidentally, the golden shower’s flowers are yellow, the color of King Rama IX the great. So people also call this plant the king’s tree.

▸ READ MORE on Thailand’s national flower here.

3. Ixora, Eggplant, and Scutch grass

These three plants symbolize teachers. Each one represents a quality all educators should possess.

Ixora signifies intellect and wisdom.

In English, you use the word “sharp” to describe an intelligent person. In Thai, however, locals call such individuals “pointy.” And Ixora happens to have needle-like flowers. So, Thai people use them to represent this quality.

Eggplant signifies humility.

While knowledgeable, an ideal teacher should never be boastful or arrogant. They should always be humble and modest. And eggplant trees have that quality since the trunks always curve down like a person bowing.

Scutch grass signifies patience and endurance.

Teaching is not an easy job. It requires high patience to educate students and deal with their parents. And this mundane-looking grass is said to be as tough as stones. It can survive all types of weather and withstand attacks from insects or the pressure of a fallen tree.

▸ READ MORE about Thai plants and flowers here.

Animals

1. Elephants

As mentioned, this animal is the national symbol of Thailand.

If you’re a Thailand fanatic, you might know that the old Thai flag’s design consisted of a war elephant and a red background.

Elephants were the most reliable animal as a mount in the warring era. They are big, strong, and intelligent. In the army, they also emit a majestic aura that boosts allies’ morale and intimidates enemies.

In ancient warfare, a battle can end with an “Elephant Duel.” This is an event where the generals of both sides fight each other to death on the elephant’s back. You can think of it as jousting with elephants.

However, it’s not only the people who fight. Elephants do too. They usually crash into each other head-on, locking their ivory together. Each elephant will try to lift up its opponent, forcing up an opening for strikes.

The most significant “Elephant duel” in Thai history is the fight between King Naresuan of Ayutthaya Kingdom and Mingyi Swa, the heir of Hongsawadee (Myanmar).

Even though King Naresuan’s elephant was small, it could still lift its opponent up in the ivory fight — creating the opening to land a fatal blow.

2. Garuda

Garuda is a modern symbol of the government body in Thailand.

This animal is a mythical beast in Hinduism. It is a half-human-half-bird who hunts prey from the sky and uses magic to fight.

Hinduist believes that this animal is the mounting vehicle of Narayana, one of the most significant deities of Hinduism.

So the Garuda represents the authority figure who serves the great ruler.

3. Rajasiha (The great lion)

This animal was used to represent the governmental body of Thailand before changing to garudas.

Basically, Rajasiha is a mythical lion living in a legendary forest called Himmapan.

Their appearance is similar to ordinary lions without a mane. And they usually have beautiful tattoo-like art on their body. They emit a majestic aura in all actions.

Rajasiha was one of the three primary symbols of old Thai politics. It signifies the power of the domestic government. The other two were Gajasimha (Elephant + Lion), looking over warfare, and the Crystal lotus, representing international relationships.

Gestures

1. Wai

Most foreigners see Wai as just a greeting. However, it can express many emotions, including respect, humility, and gratitude. In short, it highlights how significant veneration is in Thai etiquette.

Of course, the primary function of this action is still greeting. But you can use it to say goodbye, thank you, and even sorry.

▸ READ MORE about Thai Wai here.

2. Hand point

Usually, you point at something with your index finger or thumb. But in Thailand, you point at something with your whole hand.

The locals consider pointing at people rude. And sometimes, this logic applies to objects, like Buddha’s images, King’s statues, and even spirit doll houses or Sal Phra Phume (ศาลพระภูมิ).

So, when you want to point, do it respectfully with your whole hand.

▸ READ MORE about Thai hand gestures and Thai etiquette here.

3. Smile

In General, a smile represents happiness. However, Thai people take this symbolism to the extreme.

The locals smile in every situation. Pleasant or painful, they will keep smiling from the beginning to the end. You’re happy? Smile. You’re upset? Smile too.

You could almost say that smiles represent extreme optimism in this country. However, it can symbolize insincerity as well.

▸ READ MORE about why Thailand is called the land of smiles here.

Colors

1. Daily color

For some reason, Thai people are really into color coding. And they sometimes create color codes that seem nonsense but are actually helpful. The most obvious example is the 7 daily colors.

There are 7 days a week. And each day has a specific color representing it.

• Red = Sunday
• Yellow = Monday
• Pink = Tuesday
• Green = Wednesday
• Orange = Thursday
• Blue = Friday
• Purple = Saturday

Some people even dress up in these colors on the associated days, believing it’s proper. Others wear these colors because they don’t know what else to wear.

The origin of this relationship between days and color is still obscure. It could be a trick to help children learn the name of the days. Or it could be a whimsical game of the past. However, it is common knowledge in Thailand.

▸ READ MORE about Thai colors of the day here.

2. Yellow

Yellow can be many things in Thailand. And most of them are positive.

For example, it is the color of the late King Rama IX and the current Rama X (both were born on Monday).

Yellow also represents wealth in some contexts, thanks to how it looks similar to gold.

It can sometimes represent Buddhism since the Thai Buddhist flag has a yellow background with the Thammachak as a focus.

Recently, it also refers to the conservatives on the political stage. Since most of these politicians always support the old tradition like Monarchy, they use Yellow to show their stance.

▸ READ MORE about wearing yellow in Thailand here.

3. Red

Red in Thailand is usually related to happiness and celebration. This association comes from China, where red is the color of vitality and power.

However, you rarely find anyone who dresses in red anymore (except during the Chinese new year). The reason is red can be considered too outstanding. After all, you don’t want to stand out too much in a country that values the collective more than individuals.

And besides, red can also be related to bloodshed and misconduct (like a red alert). 

So, this color is one of the most confusing colors in Thailand. It can represent both the good and bad depending on the context.

▸ READ MORE about wearing red in Thailand here.

Objects

1. Amulets

Most locals wear amulets because they believe there’s a sacred spirit living inside.

These spirits can be respected deities like Ganesha or famous religious figures like Luang Phu Waen (หลวงปู่แหวน).

So, Thai amulets can be seen as a symbol of faith and beliefs (not necessarily religion).

▸ READ MORE about Thai amulets here.

2. Rings

Rings in Thailand can be a symbol of faith as well.

Like the amulets, many rings are believed to contain the spirit of a sacred figure inside.

If you see a weird-looking ring that doesn’t shine like an accessory, beware that it could be a sacred relic you should never make fun of.

▸ READ MORE about Thai jewelry here.

3. Typewriter

From the day the typewriter was imported into Thailand, the locals considered it the symbol of a teacher.

In the Thai context, children are often called blank sheets of paper. They are still young and innocent. Whatever they are taught will stay with them forever. 

So, teachers are like a typewriter engraving knowledge and wisdom on paper. If the typewriter functions well, the characters will appear with clear ink. But if the typewriter is flawed, the characters will be crooked.

Learn the differences

And there you have it: 15 notable Thai symbols you should know about.

You might notice that some symbolism makes sense while others sound like gibberish. And that’s okay if you don’t understand. After all, people of different cultures view things differently. Thai people have their own way of making a metaphor, and so do you.

Like always, if you want to discover more about Thailand, stay guided by ThaiGuider. You might learn something you never knew about this unique country.

▸ CHECK OUT all our guides on Thai Culture here.

The post 15 Fascinating Cultural Thai Symbols You Should Know About appeared first on ThaiGuider.

Tipping is foreign in Thailand. Nobody expected to be tipped for their service until recently — and the expectation is still low. However, it doesn’t mean that you can’t. If you love the service, feel free to pay extra. Tipping is more of a way to express gratitude rather than an obligation.

But of course, there is much more to tipping than just a matter of can and can’t. Read on and learn more about the Thai tipping culture and how to approach it.

Is tipping customary in Thailand?

Short answer: NO.

As mentioned, tipping is a foreign concept for Thai people. Before the boom of international tourism, Thai people never paid more than what appeared on the price tag. And it is still relatively true to this day.

You rarely spot a Thai person leaving change on the table in a restaurant for the waiter. Much less in a hotel room for the staff.

None of the waiters or staff would complain if you don’t tip them in this country. They are used to the “no tip” custom of the locals. Tipping, on the other hand, is considered uncommon and appreciated with big smiles.

It isn’t customary, but is it expected?

The answer would be “no” if this is the 19th century. However, in 2023, it has changed to “kind of.”

Tipping has become more well-known in tourist-focused businesses like hotels, massage parlors, and even restaurants. The industry realizes this custom is normalized in the western world. So, the staff would sometimes hope that you, a foreigner, would pay them extra.

On the other hand, Thai businesses have zero expectations for tips when their clients or customers are Thai. As mentioned, tips are foreign in This country. So, the hopes and dreams don’t fall on the locals’ shoulders.

This might sound like Thai people have double standards. And that is relatively true. After all, they can’t force the locals to start tipping after centuries of paying none. But they can make it understandable for those who are already familiar with the custom. They know that you are willing to pay… right?

But does this mean you must tip? The answer is still no.

You only tip when you feel like showing your appreciation for the service or think the staff deserves more than what appears on the receipt. Another occasion is when you feel like bragging about your wealth (like on a date or something similar).

Why is zero-tip okay in Thailand?

Many cultures in the world have no rationale to back it up. After all, customs are made up. They’re just what people do to live together. However, you can still try to give reasons to make sense of what’s going on.

The psychology of non-tipping in Thailand is best shown in a restaurant context.

Most restaurants in Thailand set their price based on the cost of ingredients, gas, electricity & water, staff salaries, and much more.

Basically, every dish has been calculated to be worth it for the business owner and all the staff involved. So, even if you don’t tip, everyone usually gets what they want.

Moreover, some restaurants even show the “service charge” in the bill. The food price doesn’t apply to the staff’s salary. Hence the extra charge for the waiter, cooks, and others.

You can look at this service charge as an obligatory tip. And it’s much more convenient since you don’t have to figure out how much is appropriate. The restaurant has done that for you.

This tipping logic applies to hotels, massage parlors, and other businesses. The owner has already calculated everything. You never have to take this responsibility for yourself.

Of course, the “no tip” custom also connects with the locals’ perspective on pricing. Most Thai see the price tag as final. If you want your customer to pay more, show it in the first place.

When and where should you tip in Thailand

When to tip?

As discussed earlier, Only tip when you really like the service. This could be every time, sometimes, and even never.

However, most services in Thailand are relatively cheap — especially for citizens of western countries where currency value is vastly higher. So, if your mind whispers, “this waiter deserves more than just 10% of the food price,” feel free to tip. It will always be appreciated.

Nevertheless, tips can be more cherished depending on the business type too. And the following list will help you decide.

Where to tip?

#1 Restaurant

Tip expectation: low.

As explained, most restaurants have already calculated everything. So, you never need to tip.

#2 Hotel

Tip expectation: Moderate

There are many types of hotels, from low-budget to 5-star grand.

Most hotels would be fine without you tipping. However, if you stay at a higher-end place (more than 2,000 baht/night), the staff’s expectations would be higher. After all, these places are more exposed to foreigners who often tip.

So, it will be nice for you to tip. But it’s still not necessary since the price of the room and other services are already high.

#3 Taxi and other transportation.

Tip expectation: low – moderate.

You don’t have to worry much about tipping for transportation like taxis, buses, and vans. Their pricing is widely considered high for the locals.

However, if you use an online transportation app like Grab, you might want to pay extra.

After all, these drivers usually don’t drive full-time. They only do it to boost their income and keep up with their expenses. And besides, these apps’ rates are mostly lower than traditional taxis (after deducting the service charge). So, giving them extra is more appreciated.

#4 Food delivery

Tip expectation: High

In the pre-Covid world, food delivery is considered just another service job. So, only a few people tip these delivery men.

After Covid-19, however, Thai people appreciate food delivery services more than ever. These delivery men — often called “drivers” — risk their health by going outside for you. So, tips are encouraged.

#5 Bars

Tip expectation: High

Most bar-goers in Thailand are well-to-do people. This means they usually tip since they have much more to spend and to show off their thick pocket.

Besides, most alcohol-focused places intentionally pay their staff low wages because they know that the customers would tip. And on a side note, many bars target foreign tourists. So, they aim for tips from the start.

In short, please tip the waiters or bartenders in these businesses.

#6 Tour guide

Tip expectation: low – moderate.

Most tour guides usually charge high (for Thai people). So, you don’t have to tip.

However, some tour guides love to go over the top with their services. In the restaurant, they sometimes serve your table themselves instead of letting the staff do their job. Of course, these extra efforts target tips from the start.

So, you can reward them with tips.

#7 Massage Parlor

Tip expectation: High

Many massages in Thailand can be considered cheap by international standards (e.g. 100 baht for 3 hours).

So, if you feel comfortable after a massage session, you should tip the staff. Most massage experts are underpaid for their mastery. They will appreciate your tip much more than any other business.

How much should you tip?

In Thailand, any amount works.

As mentioned many times, Thai people rarely tip. So whenever someone does, it will be appreciated — even with a tiny 5 baht. The higher the tip, the happier the receiver will be.

However, there is a caveat on high tips as well.

Can you tip too much?

Yes, you can. No matter how much you like the service, you shouldn’t tip more than the price tag.

Why? It’s just too much to receive. The Thai have a “Mai pen rai” mindset (or it’s okay mindset), preventing people from forcing burdens on others.

Tipping too much can be seen as a burden on the payer. So, most Thai people who can communicate in English would say “you don’t have to do that. It’s okay.”

Some businesses, whether it’s restaurants or massage parlors, can be prideful in their craft and art. Tipping can be considered a way you look down on them. So, you can ask if tips are appropriate before paying.

So, not tipping is okay, right?

In conclusion, it’s alright not to tip a single baht in Thailand. However, leaving the change is encouraged. After all, most people would appreciate the extra cash, especially those working in bars and massage parlors.

In the end, the decision to pay extra or leave not is yours. Obligatory tipping in this country doesn’t exist (except for the occasional service charge).

Like always, if you want to discover more about Thailand, stay guided with ThaiGuider. You might learn something you never knew about this unique country.

The post Tipping in Thailand: What Amount Is Expected? appeared first on ThaiGuider.

Thai weddings come in many variations. The determining factor is the budget of the couple. For the wealthy, the ceremony can take place on multiple days — separating the engagement and wedding ritual. The middle class’s ceremonies usually wrap up in one day — cramming everything to save money.

Of course, finance is not the only element dictating your wedding. There’s also astrology, religion, and other traditions to think about. So, read on and discover what “tying the knot” in Thailand looks like.

What is a traditional Thai wedding ceremony like?

Typically, traditional Thai weddings are everything but minimal. You must think about many things when organizing one — from entertainment to religion and superstition.

To make it easier to understand, you can divide a Thai wedding into 4 phases: the monk’s phase, the engagement phase, the wedding phase, and the party phase.

Phase 1: The monk phase

This phase is actually not a part of the wedding itself, but more of a preface.

Thai people love to kick every ceremony off with a touch of Buddhism. And weddings are no exception.

On the engagement day morning, the couple and their family usually organize a feast for local monks. They believe doing so would bless their marriage with longevity, abundance, and happiness.

How much food do you want to make? This depends on your budget. But usually, the locals would cook for 9 monks. But why nine? 

This is where the superstitious side of the wedding appears. 9 is considered a fortune number in Thailand. It’s pronounced, “Kao.” And it rhymes with the word for “moving forward.” So holding a feast for 9 monks symbolizes moving into the next stage of life.

And besides, you can look at this feast as part of the “payment” for the monks. You will need their help in later phases, so offering them food in advance is like preparing them for future work.

Phase 2: The engagement ritual

As mentioned, money is a big deal in Thai weddings. And this phase reflects that value well.

In the late morning or at noon, after the monk phase, the groom would form a parade with his friends and relatives — carrying fortunes like money, gold, jewels, and even banana trees. Then, they march to the bride’s house. This parade is called “Khan Mak.”

And when there’s a parade, there will be music, dances, and smiles. The music here is usually played on a speaker, and the song played is a special tune for this occasion. It’s designed to announce that the “Khan Mak” has arrived.

Along the way, the parade will meet with the bride’s family members blocking the way. The groom needs to pay them money to open up, so he can move on. This blockage can occur multiple times. How many times? It depends on the whims of the bride’s family. But it’s usually three.

Once inside the bride’s house, the parents from both sides would talk to each other. They will discuss the “Sin sod.” This term refers to the amount of money and valuables the groom gives the bride’s parents in exchange for her.

In the wrong light, these money-related actions could be seen as “paying your way to marriage” or “purchasing a wife.” But it actually has a meaning to it.

All the payment made in this phase is to prove that the groom is capable of putting food on the table as a family leader. Moreover, it shows that he’s willing to go all out (financially) for the woman he loves. In short, it reflects his dedication to his future wife.

After the discussion, the groom gives the bride’s parents the money. Then, he put an engagement ring on her finger.

The thing is, when receiving the ring, the bride has to prostrate to the groom. This action symbolizes her thanking him for making her his bride. This might offend many feminists. But please remember that Thailand and patriarchy go way back. And this prostration is a reflection of such a history.

Then the bride and the groom will prostrate to the parents. The parents, in turn, bless their marriage with fortune and happiness.

Phase 3: The wedding phase

After the engagement, the wedding phase could take place in the afternoon. But if you feel extra fancy, you could hold the wedding on a different day.

But regardless of when, you still need to go through the same ritual. And it’s called “the conch shower.”

The “conch” in this context means a literal conch. The relatives and VIP guests would come up to the couples, put water in the conch, and pour it down on the couple’s hand. They also verbally bless the husband and wife in their marriage.

The conch is believed to be a sacred object in Hinduism. It is one of the four objects Brahma holds in his four hands. Water from the conch is said to cleanse impurities from the body and soul.

As the attendees queue up to perform the conch shower, the monk will chant the wedding sutras in the background. However, the atmosphere might be more lively than solemn during this time. Everybody would smile and congratulate the couple.

When every relative has made their turn, it’s time for the “bedroom” part.

This is where the parents from both sides escort the newlywed to their bedroom. They will leave the husband and wife in the room for a couple of moments, letting them “do the deed.”

In the old days, this “bedroom” part happened in the evening. The couple will spend the night together, doing what couples do in bed. But nowadays, it takes place in the afternoon to shorten the ceremony. Or else, all the guests have to wait till night for the ceremony to finish.

And that marks the end of the wedding ceremony. Next is party time.

Phase 4: The party phase

This phase is not traditional by any means. But everyone loves to party on such a celebratory day. So, the modern wedding usually has this phase in the late afternoon or evening.

The bride and groom can design the party however they like. It’s completely open-ended.

You can have a dinner party with karaoke, a dance party with light and music, or even a casual meal in the garden.

Typically, the party is held to thank all the guests for attending. There should at least be food for everyone to enjoy. 

You can go with any food: Thai, western, Chinese, Indian, you name it. However, keep in mind that the age range of the attendees is wide, so prepare at least one dish for the elder’s taste.

The party usually ends before midnight since it exceeds the elder’s and children’s bedtime. But if you want to hold an after-party with friends, go ahead.

▸ READ MORE about ▸ Thai Traditions

How much does a Thai wedding cost?

This question can be tricky. Why? Because it depends on you and your partner’s preference.

You could go for a low-budget small-scale ritual or a grand-size high-value ceremony. The important thing is you need to talk it out with all sides beforehand. And by all sides, it means much more than just your partner.

For example, if you are a man. You need to discuss the budget for the wedding with your future wife, your parents, your bride’s parents, and other relatives.

You cannot decide on the wedding with just you and your partner. Consider the wealth and fame of both families too.

Some Thai families can be picky when it comes to wedding sizes. Since they are a big family with a massive reputation in the area, they want everyone they know to attend your wedding. And with more guests comes more cost since you have to give out souvenirs to all the guests too.

Another detrimental factor is the location. If you hold the wedding at the bride’s house, it could save you a lot. But you still need to pay for the decoration. And that alone is not something to spit at.

On the other hand, you can organize the ceremony in a hotel. They will let you rent a hall and offer food in one package. The price, of course, depends on which hotel you rent. But you better be prepared for a 5-digit price.

Sometimes, you might have to hire an organizer as well. It will streamline all the processes and reduce the headache of scheduling and micro-managing everything. But again, they come in various prices and quality. So, look at their portfolio carefully before committing.

Finally, you need to think about the pre-wedding photos and videos too. This has nothing to do with traditional Thai weddings. However, it has a strong presence in modern ceremonies during the party phase. You could say that it is one of the highlights.

Now, with the “how much” out of the way, it’s time to discuss “when.”

When should your wedding take place?

Superstition is the name of the game here.

You should seek advice from an astrologer for this question. Why? Because Thai people believe that the wedding should take place on a “good day.”

If you’re unfamiliar with astrology, here’s a brief explanation of a good and bad day.

The “good days” refer to days when certain stars and planets align in a positive formation according to Thai astrology. The “bad days” mean the opposite.

Comparatively speaking, you wouldn’t want your wedding to be on Friday the 13th, right? This date-seeking is similar to that mindset.

An example of a good day in Thai astrology is the 9th of most months. Friday is a great day with the influence of Venus, the planet of love and desire. Monday can also be a good day since it borrows the name from the moon — a loyal partner to Earth.

You can find an astrologer in various places in Thailand. Downtown or a marketplace can be a great place. But if you prefer online methods, you can search for them on Facebook.

If you really don’t know where to find an astrologer, go to a nearby temple. The monks can give you suggestions on the topic. They will refer to religion’s good days from the lunar calendar and recommend them to you.

3 Things you should do as a wedding guest in Thailand

When it comes to weddings, there’s also a chance you’d be invited to one in Thailand. And do you know what to do in such a situation? Here is some advice you should follow.

1. Read the invitation carefully

This is the basics of the basics. But accidents happen, and people still mess up sometimes.

When you receive a wedding invitation, ensure that it’s yours and that you recognize the bride or groom. There have been many misunderstandings, resulting in uninvited guests showing up.

Take careful note of the date, time, and location. Is it a single-day style or multiple days? Is the wedding phase in the afternoon or evening? Make sure you stay for at least one phase if you decide to drop by to say congratulations.

Don’t forget to prepare an appropriate outfit. Your apparel should not be black or show too much skin (unless for the party phase). And, of course, some weddings might have a theme or dress code. So, make sure you wear matching apparel.

2. Offer money

In many Thai ceremonies, like funerals and weddings, it’s recommended that you help out the organizer with some money.

These rituals’ costs can be as high as your life savings. So, congratulating them with a few hundred or thousand baht would be appropriate.

Usually, there would be a reception table at the front of the ceremony area. You can offer your money here. But remember, put your money in an envelope (usually white or pink) before handing it out.

You can offer however much you’d like, but 500 THB (15 USD) is the go-to amount.

3. Say congratulations

This is also another basic. After all, you attend a wedding to congratulate and celebrate the bride and groom.

The moment you meet the bride or groom, say “yin dee duai” (ยินดีด้วย), which means congratulations in Thai. You don’t have to be any fancier than this. 

And while you say it, a little bow would be nice if you’re younger than one of them. Seniority is a big deal in Thailand, and weddings are no exception.

You don’t have to do much else for the rest of the ceremony. Just enjoy the celebration and experience the difference.

Should you get married Thai style?

If you want your wedding to be colorful and lively, a traditional Thai wedding might be the choice. There might be many things to think about, but it’s still a fun ceremony for the organizers and the guests.

However, if you like something more serene and relaxing, you might want to look for something else. As mentioned, Thai weddings are anything but minimal. The procedures might be too packed and detailed for you.

So, marry the way you want. It’s your wedding, after all. You want it to be the best day of your life.

Like always, if you want to discover more about Thailand, stay guided by ThaiGuider. You might learn something you never knew about this unique country.

▸ CHECK OUT our Complete Guide on ▸ Thai Culture

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Unlike the West, the Thais cremate dead bodies, Buddhist style. However, the rest of the ritual can be seen as an extended version of Christian funerals. People dress in black or white, listen to religious chants, and hear tales of the dead’s past achievements from their family and relatives.

Nevertheless, Thai funerals can be more detailed and complex than you imagine. So, read on to learn more about how to behave in this mournful ceremony.

What happens at Thai funerals?

Short answer: a lot.

When someone passes away in Thailand, the family has to plan out numerous things. And it can be confusing to list them all in one go.

One way to make things less complicated is to divide the Thai funeral into 4 phases: the pre-funeral, pre-cremation day, cremation day, and post-cremation day.

That’s right, Thai funerals take place across multiple days. And sometimes, even weeks.

As a foreigner, it would be rare for you to organize the funeral yourself. You will most likely be one of the guests. So, don’t worry too much about the first and final phases. However, it doesn’t hurt to know about them.

Without further ado, it’s time to learn more.

The pre-funeral phase

This phase can happen in an hour to half a day, depending on how famous the dead are.

After all the legal procedures — like notifying the officials, licensing the death certificate, and others — the family of the dead will send the message to everyone.

This “everyone” includes distant relatives, neighbors, friends, colleagues, and even known influential figures in the area. If the dead is an influential figure themselves, the family might have to inform a large crowd of this sad news.

This message can be sent in any way, whether by phone calls, text messages, emails, or even actual conversation. And the news itself acts as an invitation to the upcoming funeral.

Next, the organizer (the dead’s family) has to schedule the funeral.

Usually, Thai funerals start on the night a person dies. However, if the said person dies late at night, the ritual can start the night later.

And before it starts, the organizer has to decide how many nights they want to perform the “chanting ritual.” Normally, it takes place for 3-5 nights — depending on the family’s wealth and the dead’s fame.

They have to contact the temple, asking when the monks and the crematory are available. Then they schedule accordingly.

But what is the chanting ritual? Find out in the next phase.

The pre-cremation phase

This phase is where the Thai funeral actually starts. And it begins religiously.

After deciding how many days to perform the chanting ritual, the organizer puts the body into the coffin and moves it to the temple.

Once night falls, the guests would show up at the said temple to show respect to the dead. During this time, the attendee would prostrate in front of the coffin and listen to the “funeral sutras” from the monks.

These funeral sutras function in two ways. First, it calms the spirit of the dead, asking it to go to the next life in peace. Second, it reminds the living that death is inevitable. You must be aware of this future and appreciate your present.

And that is the chanting ritual: the nights that the monks chant funeral sutras for the dead and the living.

As mentioned, this ritual takes place for 3-5 days. And all the procedures are the same. But if everything’s the same, why multiple days?

The answer is “the guests are different.” Some guests might not be available on the first night, and others might be free only on the third night. So, to prevent people from missing out, the chanting ritual is extended.

And after that, it’s time for the cremation day.

The cremation day phase

This phase only takes one day to complete. And it usually happens in the afternoon.

The organizer may or may not offer food to the monks in the morning. This is done to boost their fortune after the loss of loved ones. But it’s not mandatory. After all, not all families can afford to hold a feast for the monks.

Later around noon, they move the coffin (with the body inside) to the crematory.

Before setting up the coffin for cremation, the organizer, accompanied by a monk, would “parade” the body around the crematory 3 times. And they do this counterclockwise.

Side note: parading around a building in a temple is a part of many religious rituals. However, Buddhists would reserve counterclockwise for funeral and death-related ceremonies. It is believed that “counterclockwise” is the path of ghosts and spirits.

In the early afternoon, the guest would come to attend the cremation. The organizer would recite the dead’s past achievements, reminding everyone of who they were. After that, they would distribute paper flowers to all the attendees.

Then, the guests would walk up to the crematory and place the flower in front of the dead. This is done to pay the final respect to the dead. And these flowers will be burnt together with the body and the coffin.

When everyone has put down the flowers, the MC will light the fire, burning the body and ending the cremation phase.

The post-cremation phase

The morning after the cremation, the organizers would return to the crematory to receive the ash and bone of the dead.

They would put the remains in an urn as a keepsake. This is the only thing left to remind them that the dead were once a part of their life.

Usually, Thai people would keep this urn on an altar in their house. However, you can scatter the ash in a river or other places. This action symbolizes freedom from the circle of life and death.

But if you want to keep the bones somewhere outside your house, you can build a grave at the temple.

You can look at the Thai grave as a miniature of a pagoda. Both have a similar structure. The difference is in size.

After taking care of the dead’s remains, nothing would happen until much later.

100 days after the cremation, the dead’s family would organize another ceremony offering food to monks. This is done in memorial of the dead and also to bless the fate of their spirit.

Thai people believe that the soul of the dead will receive a judgment around 50-100 days after they die. The judge will tell them where their next reincarnation will be: earth, heaven, or hell.

So, offering food to the monk is said to increase the chance the spirit will reincarnate as an angel in heaven.

And that marks the end of the Thai funeral.

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The legend of Buddhist funerals

Like most religious ceremonies, funerals have a tale for their rituals.

The legend says that Buddha could have chosen to live forever, but he chose to pass away.

He did that to send a message to his disciple that “nothing lasts forever.” Even he would one day be gone.

Most people consider this teaching to be the final and core of Buddhism. Since nothing lasts forever, you need to make the most out of your present. Or else it will eventually be gone.

And when the Buddha breathed his last breath, his body remained until all his disciples had gathered. Then his body automatically lit up and burnt.

The remains of his bones are said to be crystallized. They were shared all over the world and kept as religious relics.

Buddhist funerals probably copied the passing of Buddha and pasted it into their procedure. The multiple-day chanting rituals, the funeral sutras, and the cremation. They all reflect what happened during his death.

What do you do at Thai funerals?

As mentioned, you would attend the funeral as a guest most of the time. So, you don’t have to get involved in the first and final phases. Being there for the chanting and cremation ritual is enough.

However, you can and should do plenty of things as an attendee.

1. Wear black or white

Let’s get the obvious one out of the way.

Wearing black or white is mandatory. No matter how you look at it, wearing colored clothes is considered disrespectful. 

The only exception is when you wear an official uniform. But it’s still wise to get change before attending.

Are white T-shirts and jeans acceptable? Yes. But only at the chanting ritual. You can be a bit casual in the pre-cremation phase. But on cremation day, please wear something more formal.

Of course, you don’t need a tuxedo and bow tie. A shirt and a pair of slack pants would suffice. But no one will stop you if you opt for a prom dress. Just keep your skin covered.

2. Offer some money

This is not mandatory but recommended.

If you have a consistent source of income, you should help out the organizer financially.

Keep in mind that every funeral has a cost. And sometimes, the organizer has to spend a large sum of money to make the funeral happen. They might need help with their budget.

There’s even a saying in Thailand: “The dead sell the living.” This phrase means the funeral cost is so high that the family of the dead could go bankrupt. So, a bit of your generosity can help them out.

You can offer them money whenever you enter the funeral area. But please, put the money in a white envelope. Handing the cash in public might cause a commotion. People will judge you if you offer too low or too high even though the value is relative.

The question of how much is a bit tricky. It depends on your wealth and how close you are to the dead or the organizer.

If you’re wealthy enough, it’s recommended to go for 300 THB plus. But if you’re short on money, 1-2 hundred is fine.

There is no limit to the amount you can offer. But please keep it appropriate. Don’t stuff five hundred 1,000 THB notes into the envelope. Want to offer big bucks? Talk to the organizer and transfer the money online.

3. Pay respect and condolence properly

Other than wearing appropriate attire, there are things you should perform correctly at Thai funerals.

First, don’t forget to express your condolences verbally to the dead’s family. Say “Sia Jai Duai” (เสียใจด้วย) is the easiest way to do so. It means “sorry (for your loss)” in this context.

Second, light the incense and prostrate in front of the dead.

This step is the key moment of a chanting ritual. After expressing your condolences to the organizer, head straight to the coffin. Light an incense stick, plug it down on the dirt pot, and prostrate before the dead.

The prostration acts as a way you express your apology and gratitude to the dead. If you had wronged the dead before, this is the last chance to say sorry. And if the dead had helped you out before, this is also the final “thank you.”

When you prostrate, remember to keep your hand clasped. You only flatten your hand when you greet a monk or pay respect to Buddha’s images.

4. Offer to be the “Ritual President”

This is optional and a little extra, but you can do it if you are close to the dead’s family.

Each night of the chanting ritual, there are “presidents.” These people are like VIPs who act as leaders, leading the guest to perform all the funeral procedures. 

Of course, you don’t literally lead them. There’s an MC for that. You only guide them in the names.

Being a president will give you a chance to show everyone how important the dead were to you. 

Your name would be announced as the president of the night. You would be the one offering gifts (new pieces of clothes) to the monks. This might be a bit too Buddhist for anyone of other religions. So, if you’re uncomfortable with that, you can send a Thai delegate to do that for you.

Another unique part is that you don’t have to be the president alone. You can offer to be the president as a group too. So, gather friends or family members and show everyone how significant the dead were to all of you.

More about life, less about death.

You might notice that Thai funerals are not all about the dead. 

The chanting ritual focuses more on the living than the one in the coffins. The sutras themselves remind you to live your life to the fullest. And even the cremation can be seen as a way to let go of the past.

So, if you have a chance, attend Thai funerals. It might not be fun, but it will at least teach you a few things in life. Or just go for the experience. That would be okay too.

▸ CHECK OUT our Complete Guide on ▸ Thai Culture

The post What Happens at Thai Funerals? (4 Things You Should Do) appeared first on ThaiGuider.

Thailand is known for prostitution due to its famous sex tourism industry and cultural history. Sex tourism is big business, and the financial incentives lure sex workers into the industry. There is a high demand from tourists frequenting the red-light districts and Thai men seeking their first sexual experience.

But what is the quality of Thai prostitutes that distinguishes them from the rest of the world? Read on to dive deep into the depth of Thai prostitution and the reason for its (in)famous reputation.

Why is prostitution so common and accepted in Thailand?

Without sugarcoating it, prostitution prospers in Thailand because it makes money.

The basics of business

Look at it through the “business lens.” Abandon all your morality. You will see that prostitution has a high potential to make a profit for both the prostitutes and the business owners.

There will always be a demand for prostitutes. Human nature dictates that everyone needs sex. So, it’s only natural that people will find a way to satisfy this need. And with such a demand, many “choose” to make money out of it. Become a prostitute or run a related business.

The prostitutes will earn income from “selling their bodies.” If their service is “extraordinary,” they might even get tips of four digits (in Thai baht, which is still high). And the brothel will also give them a salary, shooting their income even higher.

On the business owners’ side, they can earn cash from wealthy customers who love to pay extra for superb services. And the industry boasts a high amount of cash flow too.

So basically, if you put the question of morals aside, prostitution is just another business. You build up supply according to the demand and sell them to make a profit.

The dark side of the business

Of course, there is the dark side of the business to think about. Some prostitutes were sold by their families to brothels. Some were forced to do it because of financial problems. And some were blatantly kidnapped when they were young.

This dark side is largely thanks to the country’s poor economic management. If wealth flourished, probably no one would choose to be a prostitute. But since poverty plagues the country, many have no other choices.

And with a high number of prostitutes comes fierce competition. Each prostitute has to upgrade their “service” to survive in the industry. 

As a result, many Thai prostitutes know how to “please” their customers. Some incorporate massaging techniques into their session. Others might even use drugs and substances to spice things up.

To this day, poverty is still a massive problem in Thailand. And that’s why you see many men, women, and LGBTQs forced to work as prostitutes.

The cultural history of Thai prostitution

In Thailand, like most other counties, prostitution has never been seen as a “good” profession.

The outlook

This “rough trade” has been considered a disgrace since the day of the Ayutthaya kingdom. People disdained anyone using their bodies as a means to make a living. You might have thought that prostitutes in Thailand had a high social standing like Geisha in Japan. But unfortunately, that was not the case.

This is due to the strong influence of Buddhism. Buddhists considered sex with multiple partners as a sin. So, it was no surprise that prostitutes, who needed to sleep with many, were looked down upon since the old days.

However, this prejudice didn’t stop this trade from flourishing in the country. Why? Because of the economy, of course.

The mechanics

Mostly, prostitution was more of a way to put food on the table rather than a proper job. In feudal Thailand, wealth usually belonged to nobles, the court, and land owners. So, what could the peasants do? 

Yes, they could farm or trade all day, but that wouldn’t be enough. So, prostitution was the answer.

Back then, prostitution was limited to women. Male prostitutes were something unheard of since most men were needed as soldiers. They already received good pay. So, nobody wanted to be associated with prostitution (except when they needed the service).

But as time passed, many saw the opportunity in prostitution as a business. So, “proper” brothels were set up. They sought out poor pretty ladies, forced them into this rough trade, and enjoyed the profit themselves.

Throughout history, Thai people’s attitude towards prostitution hasn’t changed at all. Not until recently when locals see the domino effect of a bad economy. So, prostitutes are mostly seen as the victim of the system rather than the disgrace they used to be.

Is prostitution legal in Thailand?

In short, no.

Thai law forbids any actions associated with prostitution, including purchasing, trading, services, or owning the business chain.

Of course, the law doesn’t stop prostitution from blooming in the country. That’s because the law is not aggressively enforced for various reasons. So, if you go to a brothel in Thailand and purchase their service, please know that you’re partaking in illegal activities.

But you don’t have to sweat it that much.

Why? Because most police would turn a blind eye to anyone with a prostitute. And if they come to you asking questions, you can keep quiet and let the business owner do the “talking.”

If you think about it, the lack of law enforcement is, in a way, understandable. After all, sex is something everyone needs. But not everyone has the “privilege” of a proper partner. So, it’s more “advantageous” to the community to keep brothels around. 

However, this law has proved problematic in Thailand. Why? Because it prevents prostitution from being a proper job. Consequently, many hard-working prostitutes earn less than they should since the law doesn’t secure their minimum wages. 

Moreover, social benefits like health insurance or hospital check-ups for the industry are non-existent. This made STDs (Sexually transmitted diseases) like aids and syphilis plague the country for a long time.

Are prostitutes expensive in Thailand?

Unfortunately, there is no definite answer to this question.

The price you pay for prostitution depends on many factors. For example, the “quality” of your escort. 

Some prostitutes are considered more “valuable” than others because of their skills or beauty. Some are so famous for these qualities that you must book weeks in advance. And these prostitutes will be pricey.

Another factor is the location. If you go to a famous brothel, the price is bound to be high. Some places even reserve their service for VIPs only.

Of course, you can find cheap prostitutes easily. But know that you get what you pay for. Their skills and beauty might be lackluster compared to the high-priced ones. But if you search thoroughly, you might find a hidden gem too.

The problem with cheap prostitutes is usually the STDs. Since they sell their body at such a low price, they couldn’t afford the best hospital service they need. And that created a hideous spiral of suffering. 

Low income. Bad health. Poor service. Even lower income. Repeat.

So, pick your price carefully before you purchase. And if possible, tip the prostitute a lump sum. They are hard workers like you — they deserve more than their base price.

4 Famous Red-light Districts in Bangkok

Bangkok might not be the biggest capital on earth. But it’s definitely dense and populated with people of all backgrounds. And, of course, that includes prostitutes too.

Here are the 4 popular red-light districts in Bangkok:

1. Patpong

If you talk about the red-light district, Patpong is the first place coming to mind. Or at least it used to be.

How famous was this place? There’s even a song describing it as the “destination” for foreigners. The lyrics depict a conversation between a local man and a Westerner named Tom. It goes…

“Tom. Tom. Where [did] you go last night?

“I love Muang Thai (Thailand). I like Patpong.”

“(The prostitutes might have charmed Tom, huh?)”

“I love Patpong, I love Muang Thai (Thailand)!”

Recently, Patpong’s popularity might have dropped a bit. And that’s understandable. Hundreds of brothels and other competitors have popped up throughout Bangkok.

But still, Patpong is considered one of the destinations for red-light tourism.

2. Ratchada

If you’re looking for a non-conventional prostitution experience, Ratchada might be a place for you.

The selling point of this district’s prostitution is the “bathtub” setup.

Of course, you can still find bathtub brothels somewhere else. But Ratchada is famous for its bathtub service that includes massage, drinks, and much more.

The downside of Ratchada is probably the price. You’re not just paying for the prostitute but for the bath too. And that can get expensive. But if budget is not the problem, you might want to try it out.

3. Nana Plaza

Prefer the vibe of cabaret clubs to brothels? Nana Plaza is your top choice.

It is more of an entertainment complex than a red-light district. But of course, you can easily find prostitutes here.

And if that’s not your cup of tea, bar girls are always an option.

Enjoy your drink. Get drunk in the conversation. Vibe with the music. And lost in the neon light.

4. Soi Cowboy

Go-go bar is the name of the game here.

As mentioned, Bangkok is populated with people of all backgrounds. That means it has something to satisfy everyone. And if LGBT bars are your preference, you must go to Soi Cowboy.

As a foreigner, you might feel at home in Soi Cowboy more than anywhere else. Why? Because most customers of this small street are international tourists and travelers.

And if prostitutes are not what you are after, the light and sound are enough to get you going all night.

Thailand prostitution “fun” facts

1. Prostitutes are men’s teachers in bed

Sex is an awkward topic in Thailand. So, almost nobody talks about how to perform the deed properly. Even official education does a poor job of explaining to teenagers how they were born.

So, how can Thai men find sex experience in a land where most ladies value virginity? Go to a brothel, of course.

Many Thai males lose their virginity to prostitutes. They consider their first prostitutes their teachers because these ladies introduce them to the ‘real’ world of sex.

Thai men even have a slang “Keun Kru” describing the act of purchasing their first prostitute.

“Keun” means “to get on top.” And “Kru” means “teachers.” So this slang means to get on top of your teacher. And that makes a lot of sense.

2. “Dek Sia”

As mentioned, some prostitutes are more precious than others. And those on the top-tier need to be handled with care. Why? Because, usually, they are “Dek Sia.”

This term is used to describe prostitutes under the patronage of wealthy and influential figures in the area. “Dek” means a child or children. And “Sia” is a rich man.

Generally, you don’t want to use the “Dek Sia” service since they are pricey. And besides, you wouldn’t be able to. A connection to the said dominant figure is required to know the prostitute in the first place.

3. Not all Thai women are prostitutes

Many Thai women — especially those living around red-light districts — have experienced “the incident.”

“The incident” refers to having a foreigner walking up to them and asking “how much” out of nowhere. And as you can tell, this is extremely rude. 

Never ask a woman’s price if you’re unsure whether she’s a prostitute. And even if you know, you still should never ask that way. Just contact the business owner, or wait for her to engage you. Have a civilized conversation first, then ask for a price (in a roundabout way).

Prostitution: The curse and the cure

As mentioned, prostitution in Thailand flourishes because of poor economic management. However, selling one’s body is still a solution to survival for many.

Thai people understand that money is a big deal. Even though it’s illegal and immoral, they still let prostitution grow in the country. Otherwise, many lives might have ended.

Hopefully, Thailand can legalize prostitution and provide all the health security these hard workers need. But until that day, they still have to depend on the customer’s pocket.

Like always, if you want to discover more about Thailand, stay guided with ThaiGuider. You might learn something you never knew about this unique country.

The post Why Is There So Much Prostitution in Thailand? (And Where) appeared first on ThaiGuider.

Thai traditional music is a combined art form from other countries. Most Thai musical instruments are from various cultures like Indian, Chinese, and Indonesian. However, Thai classical music managed to differentiate its tone from other national music and is still played in ceremonies today.

If you are a world music enthusiast, you cannot miss the sound of Thai tunes. So, read on and explore the story of Thai music and its unique melody.

What is Thai music?

Before diving further into the depth of Thai music, you need to know what locals consider “Thai music” first.

When someone says “Thai music” in Thailand, people usually think of the old classical tunes played with Thai musical instruments without any vocals. It is comparable to pieces by Beethoven or Mozart of the West.

However, Thai classical music got different treatment from those of the West. Instead of being a niche of entertainment, it became a sacred art form performed in religious ceremonies and stage plays.

You wouldn’t see people listen to it on the radio anymore.

The reason for such a treatment is Thai music’s heavy association with Thai pagan beliefs and superstitions. Locals say that every musical instrument has a sacred spirit within. So, you cannot treat Thai music lightly.

Besides, the style and tone of Thai classical music don’t mix well with modern ones. 

Classical Thai bands usually contain Thai xylophones, Thai gamelans, Thai fiddles, and Thai cymbals. The tone of these instruments is too brash for pop songs. So, people reserved them for religious ceremonies. 

And since most Thai classical songs don’t have vocals, they are perfect to be performed in the background — for the atmosphere.

Of course, this doesn’t mean nobody listens to it in their free time anymore. The classical enthusiast still exists. However, they are rare to meet.

Moreover, when someone says “Thai music,” the locals also think about what they call “Luk Thung” too.

You can think of “Luk Thung” as Thai folk songs, but different. They usually incorporate vibrato-heavy vocals with bands of trumpets, trombones, accordions, and drums.

Unlike Thai classical music, Luk Thung is still popular to this day. Even though they are not considered “mainstream” in the city, they are the “only stream” in the countryside.

How did Thai music originate?

Surprisingly, there is nothing Thai about Thai music at all. Why? Because if you look at the list of “Thai traditional instruments,” you will see that most of them are imported.

As mentioned, traditional Thai music is a blend of various musical cultures. For example… 

• Thai percussions, like xylophones, gamelans, and drums, originated from India. 
• Thai string instruments like the zither and dulcimer originated in China.
• Thai wind instruments like flutes and pipes originated in Indonesia and other southern Southeast Asian countries.

The only instrument that seems to be unique to Thailand is the tiny cymbal or “Ching” (ฉิ่ง). But that is still debatable. After all, music knows no border. Pinpointing where something begins can be impossible.

However, most experts agree that classical Thai music peaked in the Sukhothai Kingdom (1238 – 1438). (Source)

During that period, peace prevailed, and wealth flourished. So, people had time to develop art forms for their entertainment.

But things did not stay that way for long. Later in the Ayutthaya Kingdom (1351–1767), wars raged over the country. Subsequently, music dropped in popularity and was played inside the royal palace to relax the monarch and his family.

So, the music of this period usually has a softer tone. It was not meant for celebration but for relieving stress and anxiety.

Eventually, Thai classical music rose again during King Rama II of Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782-1932). And later down the line, music became available to commoners again. The tone of the music became more lively and celebratory.

Throughout all the periods, Thai music has been paired with religious rituals. So when Western music reigned dominance during the rule of Field Marshal Plaek Phibunsongkhram ( 1938-1944 and 1948-1957), Thai music found its sanctuary in the temples. And it still remains that way to this day.

Many modern artists have tried to incorporate traditional Thai instruments into modern songs. However, the style and the tonal difference seem too much to overcome. So, you would rarely see such fusion music nowadays.

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Why is Thai music unique?

From a layman’s perspective — especially from Westerners, Thai music might sound completely unique. However, if you had intermediate music knowledge, you would know that Thai music operates on the same basis as Western ones.

All classical songs are composed on a C Major key. This means they only use the combination of seven notes of the scale: Do, Re, Mi, Fa, Sol, La, and Si. No sharps, no flats. And if you play this key on a piano, you will notice that they are all white keys.

This means that Thai classical music is super-simple compared to those of Beethoven, Mozart, or even Bach. These composers usually incorporate more than 7 notes for accent and mood emphasis.

Furthermore, Thai music also utilizes a concept Western musicians call the Pentatonic scale (a scale of 5 notes). And in C Major Key, they are Do, Re, Mi, Sol, and La.

These five notes are the most repeated in Thai classical songs. And that is actually the same with modern rock songs from anywhere else in the world.

So, what makes Thai music unique is actually not the composition. It is the instruments and playing style itself.

The tone of each Thai instrument is comparatively more brash and aggressive than those of the Western world. 

This might be thanks to the material of the instruments and how they were made. The difference in technology affected the crafting process, resulting in most musical instruments producing somewhat cruder sounds.

On the flip side, crude instruments only highlight the musicians’ skills. They must know exactly how to handle their techniques to produce incredible sound. And they must know which styles would make their instrument shine.

Most classical Thai songs use short jumpy notes. This results in a lively mood and celebratory tone. If a note has to be extended, the musician usually uses the trill technique to sustain the sound rather than let it naturally sustain.

Of course, there is more depth to Thai classical voicing than this. But it’s safe to say that the instruments shape Thai music style.

The superstitious side of Thai Music

As mentioned, Thai people believe that there are sacred spirits within their musical instruments. That’s why Thai people treat traditional music as more of a spiritual art form than a tool for entertainment.

Locals treat all instruments with care and respect. 

Before playing their instrument, the musician must perform a “Wai” first. Now, you might have heard of “Wai” as the greeting of Thailand. But there is more to it.

“Wai” is also an etiquette Thai people perform to show respect. So, the fact that they “wai” their instruments before playing should tell you how revered these instruments are.

And it’s not just the instruments that are considered sacred. The music itself is also something to be respected. Why? Because Thai people believe that music is originally the art of the angels — not of humans.

The most famous entity in Thai music is called “Old Father” (พ่อแก่). The legend says that he was a sage who taught the art of music, dance, and plays to mankind. So, he is considered the teacher of all musicians.

If you visit a Thai music room, you usually see a statue of his head on an altar. This reminds all the musicians that “your teacher is watching, so play with respect.”

Additionally, Wai isn’t the only thing people perform to show respect for music. There is also a ceremony called “Wai Kru.” 

This ceremony is a lengthy ritual where musicians show gratitude to the Old Father and ask for his blessings. It usually involves chanting, incense, candles, flower decorations, and a full band.

The ceremony’s highlight is when the music teachers (the actual teacher, not the entity) hold their students’ hands and play the instrument together. It’s a declaration that these students have a master to teach them — not just a self-taught rogue musician.

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What is the most common Thai classical music?

Were you asked, “Can you name any one classical music piece?” most people would say, “Beethoven symphony number 5.”

So, if the same were to be asked about Thai classical music, these are probably what Thai people would say… 

1. Bats Eating Bananas (ค้างคาวกินกล้วย)

This song is arguably the most famous Thai classical piece. All Thai people know this song and must have listened to it at least ten times.

Think of it as a Flight of the BumbleBee of Thai Music. Everyone has heard of it. All musicians have tried their hand at it. People are sick of it sometimes, but it’s the only song they can think of when talking about “that classical music.”

The composer of this song is unknown. However, that doesn’t stop it from gaining popularity.

Traditionally, this song is played as background music in plays. The scene for this song is usually when the comic-relief characters enter the forest — thanks to how light-hearted the melody is.

2. Khmer-Sai-Yok (เขมรไทรโยค)

In this list, this song is probably the most graceful one. Why? Because it is a song describing the beauty of the Sai-Yok waterfall and its surroundings.

This song was composed by Prince Narisara Nuwattiwong 10 years after his trip to Sai-Yok waterfall. (Source)

The majestic scenery of the location stuck in his mind for a long time, and he had to compose a song for it.

It is said that this song is based on another old song called “Khmer-Klom-Luk” (เขมรกล่อมลูก). The prince expanded the melody and renamed it to Khmer-Sai-Yok.

This song was originally meant to be played with Thai xylophones. But as time passed, hundreds of new versions popped up. Even an arrangement for a Western orchestra exists.

3. Weeping of the Earth (ธรณีกันแสง)

This song is arguably the most iconic Thai classical piece. Why? Because it is THE funeral song.

Every time you go to a Thai funeral, check if there’s a Thai classical band there. If there is, then prepare to listen to this tear-jerker.

Originally, the song wasn’t meant for the funeral at all. But the sorrowful melody makes it unfit for anywhere else. So, all Thai classical bands include this song on their funeral playlist.

The Weeping of the Earth is such an iconic song that it eventually became a meme. Musicians will jokingly play this song randomly — just to get the laugh out of the audience.

Should you try Thai classical music out…

In short, yes. You should definitely give Thai classical music a chance.

Nobody can blame you if you think it sounds weird. After all, Thai music is not for everyone. And even Thai people understand that well.

But who knows? Thai classical music might be the tone you have been looking for your entire life. So, start with the three recommended songs, and expand your playlist.

Like always, if you want to discover more about Thailand, stay guided by ThaiGuider. You might learn something you never knew about this unique country.

▸ CHECK OUT our Complete Guide on ▸ Thai Culture

The post Classic Thai Music: Discover the Local Music of Thailand appeared first on ThaiGuider.

The traditions of Thailand consist of numerous unique customs and cultures. The most notable ones are Thai weddings, funerals, and etiquette. Marriages reflect the remnant of sexism and patriarchy in the country, funerals show the influence of Buddhism on the locals, and etiquette highlights the value of humility.

Of course, there are more incomprehensible traditions in this country. And you should know more about them. Read on to find out the 10 customs foreigners find peculiar in Thailand.

What are the unique traditions in Thailand?

As mentioned, every country does things differently. And Thailand is famous for being “different” from the west. They eat different food, speak different languages, and believe in different entities that make as much sense as ghosts.

Of course, not all of their customs are unexplainable. Some of them are thanks to the influence of religions and beliefs like Buddhism and paganism. The others are due to external cultures like the Chinese. 

However, many Thai traditions are straight-up nonsense. So, don’t sweat it if you can’t understand some of them. Just accept them as what they are. After all, not every culture needs to be logical. They are just what people do.

Now that you’re familiar with cultural difference 101, it’s time to get to the meat of the matter.

Here are 10 Thai traditions only locals would understand.

1. Thai wedding

Wedding days mark a significant change in stages of your life. That is the same for every country. But for Thailand, it also reflects the country’s past relationship with patriarchy.

In the past, patriarchy was a big deal in Thailand. The head of the household was always the most senior male member — usually with multiple wives. Even the ruler of the land was restricted to only male kings.

And with such intense patriarchy, it’s no surprise that traditional Thai weddings reflect that quality too.

On the wedding day, the groom has to form a parade carrying money and other valuables and march to the bride’s house. And at her house, he would give his money to the bride’s parents in exchange for them entrusting her to him.

This might, in a sense, sounds like a slave trade. It is basically the groom purchasing the bride from her parents, expecting her to look after him for the rest of his life.

However, this “purchasing” is also a sign of commitment, showing how much effort the groom is willing to put into his marriage.

How you interpret this practice depends on you. But you cannot deny that it might appear “odd” to many people.

READ MORE about ▸ Thai Weddings

2. Thai funeral

As you might have heard, Thai people don’t bury the dead. They cremate them. And for many, this practice can put a big question mark on their faces.

This tradition is thanks to Buddhism. Buddhists cremate the body because nothing can prevent it from withering away.

So, to prevent the flesh from rotting and causing diseases, Buddhists “cleanse” the dead body with flames. Of course, natural fires are not strong enough to disintegrate human bones. As a result, the dead’s relatives may keep the remaining bones as a keepsake.

Even Buddha’s body was burnt when he passed away. His bones were claimed to be crystalized and were distributed globally as a symbol of the teaching’s expansion.

In Thailand, people don’t just burn dead bodies. They also burn other things with the dead — like fake money, car miniatures, and whatever the dead used to like.

Locals believe these items will follow the soul of the dead into their next life — whether in heaven, earth, or somewhere else. Basically, it’s for fortune in their reincarnation. This might sound similar to the burning ritual in the Chinese new year.

READ MORE about ▸ Thai Funerals

3. Thai etiquette

When it comes to etiquette, the world can’t seem to agree on which conduct is proper and which isn’t. Every nation has its own idea of appropriate manners and behaviors. Of course, Thailand is no exception.

The most significant aspect of Thai etiquette is respect. And showing respect in Thailand is not so simple. 

There are levels of humility that you should be aware of. Showing the wrong respect to the wrong people may make you appear as either a joke or a punk.

The basis of Thai respect deals with seniority. If you are younger, you need to be humble and well-mannered. The easiest thing you can do is bow your head. Of course, it’s not the best thing you can do, but it should suffice for a foreigner. Bow as often as you can.

If you want to step up your respect game a bit, try performing a “Wai.”

You might have heard of it as the traditional greeting of Thailand. However, it’s not just a greeting tool. You can use it to express various emotions like gratitude and apology. You can view it as an extended version of a bow since “Wai” forces you to lower your head no matter what.

READ MORE about ▸ Thai Etiquette and Thai Wai

4. Thai language tone

Have you ever heard of “tonal languages?” If you’re a native English speaker without any experience in language learning, chances are you’ve never heard of this term. And guess what. Thai is a tonal language.

But what does that mean?

Basically, it means the meaning of each Thai word can change depending on the tone you pronounce it. 

There are 5 tones in Thai. And that means you can pronounce one word in 5 different pitches.

If you are not used to picking up the different tones in words, you might have trouble learning Thai. Why? Because you wouldn’t be able to distinguish the subtle difference between 1st tone “cow” (which means news) and 2nd tone “cow” (which means rice).

You can imagine the confusion this can cause.

The tone is one of the hardest obstacles in Thai language acquisition. It takes a long time for you to develop your ears. And it can take even longer to emulate those tones. So, if you want to learn Thai, you should be prepared to tackle this foreign aspect.

5. Muay Thai pre-fight ritual

Nowadays, Muay Thai is world famous for its lethality as a martial art. But not everyone knows about its superstitious side.

In Thai culture, Muay Thai is considered an art form. And like most arts in Thailand, it has a sacred spirit that all practitioners must respect.

If you have watched a Muay Thai match, you might have noticed that the fighters performed dances before they exchanged punches. 

This is what they call “Wai Kru.”

“Wai” means “to pay respect,” and Kru means “Teacher.” This teacher or master refers to the sacred spirit of Muay Thai.

The dance is like an act of asking for permission. The fighters ask the spirit to let them use the art form and give them blessings. Each Muay Thai school has different dances, so the order and choreography depend on where you learn.

All Muay Thai fighters know that the dance is a serious business. The locals believe you could get seriously injured if you didn’t dance before a fight. Of course, this is impossible to prove. But nobody wants to test their luck just because they don’t dance.

This “not-so-funny” problem is due to Thai people’s awareness. However, these kinds of jokes are gradually fading thanks to the internet. But still, you can hear them daily.

READ MORE about ▸ Wai Kru Muay Thai

6. Thai humor

Thailand is known for being the land of smiles. And it’s largely thanks to local humor.

However, you might find some of their jokes a non-laughing matter. Why? Because it could be racist, sexist, and offensive in general.

Even though many Thai jokes are smart word plays and ingenious puns, they also contain body shaming elements. And if you live in 2022, laughing at those subjects on an international stage is unacceptable. 

The problem is the Thai don’t seem to care. Many TV shows and other media still make offensive jokes without any sign of regret. And even the ones who were made fun of don’t seem to be that offended.

In a way, this phenomenon is a great thing. It means Thai people care less about being offended and focus more on “having a fun time” with the group. But of course, not everyone sees it like that. As a result, Thai humor can become somewhat problematic.

READ MORE about ▸ Why Thailand is called the Land of Smiles

7. Thai school morning regiment

Now, it’s time to discuss something more concrete and societal. And you might want to start with schools.

If you have been to Thailand, you might notice a bizarre sight every morning at local schools. Before school started at 8.30, the students would gather in the field and form lines at around 8.00. Then, they will sing the national anthem together.

But not only that, they will continue to chant Buddhist sutras, sing the king’s song, and recite national values together.

These practices are everywhere in Thailand. And it is thanks to the influence of the militaristic government of the country in the past.

During the many coup d’etat in Thai history, the military would take over the country and force nationalistic ideals on the people. Kids are taught to be proud of their nations. Adults’ perceptions would be manipulated. You could say that this was the real-life version of 1984 by George Orwell.

And surprisingly, these practices still exist — especially in school.

However, these regimental activities started to die down after the COVID-19 pandemic. No one wants their kids to gather up every morning anymore.

8. Thai holidays

There are tons of holidays in Thailand, both official and unofficial. And some of them might sound weird to you.

For example, Mother’s Day. It’s on August 8th, and it’s the birthday of the late Queen Sirikit. 

In the West, Mother’s Day is not a holiday. It’s just a day you express your love for your mother. But in Thailand, it’s so important that people need to stop working and spend time with their mothers. 

The locals usually give Jasmine flowers to their mothers since they symbolize pure love.

Teacher’s Day is also a thing in Thailand. And on this day, January 16th, all teachers in the country get a break from their duty. 

The symbols of this day are the Ixora flowers, eggplant flowers, and Scutch grass. These plants symbolize 3 ideal qualities of a teacher: intellect, humility, and strength.

Another intriguing “holiday” in Thailand is the Chinese New Year or Lunar New Year. It’s not an actual holiday, but many companies allow their employees to take leaves and celebrate this special occasion.

Interestingly, Thailand celebrates 3 new years — International New Year on January 1st, Chinese New Year on the first day of spring of the Chinese calendar, and Thai New Year or Songkran on April 13th-15th.

9. Thai traditional music pre-performance ritual

Like Muay Thai, the traditional music of Thailand has sacred spirits within them. And, of course, you have to pay respect before you start playing.

When practicing, Thai musicians would perform a Wai before they picked up their instruments. There are no chants or movements required for this ritual. However, if they were to perform in a big event, they might have to chant some pagan sutras too.

Some traditional bands take this seriously and hold big ceremonies before every performance. The ceremony could involve long sutras, holy water, and sacred powder — depending on the bands’ beliefs.

Moreover, the instrument itself is considered sacred. The locals believe that the spirit is literally inside the instruments — not just in the art form. This means you must not touch it with your feet or do anything disrespectful.

With such a strict belief, most Thai traditional musicians would behave themselves whenever they play or practice. Even though they are a jerk off-stage, they will be prim and proper once they start playing.

In the Western world, musical instruments are tools for recreation and fun. You will never see anyone prostrate to an electric guitar or a saxophone.

READ MORE about ▸ Traditional Thai Music

10. Thai sex

Frankly, Thai people and sex have a strange relationship. Why? Because sex is somewhat taboo.

Yet, Thailand is famous for its prostitution.

Many people see sex as mischievous. Only those with lustful hearts can perform such a deed before their marriage. Thus, most Thai tend to keep their virginity until they are in their late 20s (both Thai men and women).

However, that’s not always the case. Since sex is such a forbidden topic, nobody discusses it openly. So when puberty hits, many adolescents try their hands on sex without knowing the consequences.

And as a result, unwanted pregnancy and HIV have become a massive problem in Thailand. This causes people to look at sex in an even more negative light.

So, Thai people still rarely discuss sex. Even though most people know that it is a natural part of life, they still feel awkward talking about it.

Thai traditions, Thai culture.

Again. Every country does things differently, and Thailand is no exception. No matter how bizarre the local traditions are, accept them.

Don’t let one-sided judgment cloud your mind. Even though most of the mentioned customs may sound ridiculous, you should not criticize people for being “normal” in their homeland. And believe it or not? There are even more weird cultures in Thailand than these.

So, you should acknowledge that “it’s just different.”

Like always, if you want to discover more about Thailand, stay guided by ThaiGuider. You might learn something you never knew about this unique country.

▸ CHECK OUT our Complete Guide on ▸ Thai Culture

The post 10 Unique & Fascinating Thai Traditions You Should Know Of appeared first on ThaiGuider.

Thailand’s most significant plants and flowers are the Golden Shower and Lotus. The former is the national tree and flower. Locals believe that planting one on their property boosts their fame and glory. The latter is the symbol of Buddhism. Thais use it to perform religious ceremonies and rituals.

Besides Golden Shower and Lotus, you can find many more exotic trees and blossoms in this country. Read on to discover the most popular Thai flowers and plants and their cultural significance.

What kind of flowers are in Thailand?

1. Lotus Flower or Dok Bua (ดอกบัว)

The lotus flower is heavily associated with Buddhism. And since Thailand is a Buddhist country, you can see this flower everywhere.

The legends say that when Buddha was born, he walked seven steps. And under each step, a lotus flower bloomed — protecting the baby’s feet.

Moreover, Buddha compared humans with lotus flowers at the beginning of his preaching journey. 

Lotus is a water plant. It grows underground, slowly rises through the water, and blooms above the surface. 

Buddha said some people are like the underground lotuses — still new to the teaching and will take a long time to reach enlightenment. Some people are like underwater lotuses — well-equipped with knowledge but not enough to reach enlightenment. And some people are like blooming lotuses — wise and righteous, ready to reach Nirvana any time.

Today, Thai people use lotus flowers to pay respect to monks and Buddha’s image.

Aside from its religious aspect, Lotus is also edible. You can eat its seeds, trunks, and even roots. Seeds and roots are dessert ingredients, while the trunks go into curries.

▸ READ MORE about the Lotus flower in Thailand here.

2. Jasmine or Mali (มะลิ)

Many countries use carnations as Mother’s Day flowers, but Thailand uses Jasmine. Why? Because in Thai culture, the white Jasmine represents purity and love.

Locals believe that a mother’s love for her children is the purest in the world. So, Jasmine is a perfect representation.

However, you can also look at it the other way around. Carnations are rare in Thailand. So, why would Thai people select such a hard-to-find symbol of love when they already have one?

The question of rarity aside, Jasmine also has a role in the religious scene.

Many monks use Jasmine — or its extract — to create holy water. The sacred quality of the flower might be hard to prove with science, but its fragrance is evident. So, the next time you find holy water in Thailand, try giving it a whiff. If it smells great, it could be thanks to Jasmine.

3. Orchid or Kluai Mai (กล้วยไม้)

Whenever you look up the world’s most beautiful flowers, orchids are always on the list. And you can find many of them in Thailand.

Most Thais grow this exotic flower for its beauty. The most common species in Thailand is the white and purple. You can find some yellow ones, but they are not as abundant.

Even though Orchids symbolize wealth and love, not many Thais care about that. But in the early 2000s, most Thai knew that Orchids were pricey.

It was considered a rare plant and a valuable economic flower. Since Orchids took a long time and arduous effort to grow, the market in Thailand saw high demand and spiked its price.

However, technology has made everything easy. And in the 2020s, Orchid is not as expensive as it used to be. But still, it can cost you big bucks to buy a rare one.

4. Bougainvillea or Fueang Fah (เฟื่องฟ้า)

This flower is everywhere in Thailand. You can see it in people’s houses, the temple, the wild, or even traffic islands.

The most notable feature of this flower is its bright pink color. You can’t miss it even with one eye closed when passing by. Of course, there are white species too, but it isn’t as iconic as the pink one.

In terms of meaning, this flower symbolizes growth and fame. In Thai, Bougainvillea is called Fueang Fah. It’s an analogy term that means “your fame reaches the sky.” Basically, extremely famous.

Even though Bougainvillea is quite a fragile flower, its growth speed is nothing to spit at. It might take lots of effort to take care of this tree. But once it starts growing, it gets wider and wider. So, remember that you might have to cut its branch often when you plant this tree.

5. Ixora or Dok Khem (ดอกเข็ม)

This flower is one of the most iconic flowers during Thai people’s childhood. Why? Because this flower is associated with Teacher’s day.

The pointy, long, and thin characteristics of the flower resemble those of needles. And needles are called “Khem” in Thai. Hence the name Dok Khem — a symbol of intelligence and wisdom.

When Thai people want to compliment someone as intelligent or sharp, they will say, “your intellect is pointy.” So, Ixora or Dok Khem possesses such a “pointy” quality. That’s why it’s used on Teacher’s day to represent the teacher’s wisdom.

What plants are popular in Thailand?

There are more than thousands of plant species native to Thailand. However, not all of them are equal in reputation and fame.

Some trees are widely planted in the house because of their colors, shapes, fragrance, and fruit. Others are grown for their meanings and symbolism. And here are the top 5 plants you can find in Thailand.

1. Golden Shower or Ratchaphruek (ราชพฤกษ์)

As mentioned, this tree with yellow flowers is the Thai national tree. 

The reasons it was chosen as the national tree are simple. It’s gorgeous, symbolizes positive ideas, and its functionality is numerous.

The beauty of this tree needs no explanation. It looks fabulous in your garden and in the wild. Most people fall in love with its bright yellow color and curtain-like appearance. Rows of this tree in a backyard is an Instagram-worthy view.

Golden Shower is also a Thai “lucky” tree. It is a symbol of fame, glory, and unity. So, many locals plant it on their property — believing that the tree will boost their reputation.

On the medical side, Golden Shower also shines with various medicinal effects. You can use its pods as antimalarial drugs. Its seeds are laxative and antiemetic, and its roots can cure an infection, etc.

Finally, Golden Shower boasts high durability and longevity. You can cut it down as wood for constructing houses and other structures.

With all these functions and qualities, it is no surprise that Thai people love this tree. And you might be too.

2. Bodhi (โพธิ์)

As you know, Buddhism influences numerous aspects of Thai culture. So, it’s no surprise that one of the most significant plants in Buddhist lore, like the Bodhi tree, is popular in Thailand.

The Bodhi tree is heavily associated with the Buddha himself. According to the legends, Buddha reached enlightenment while meditating under this tree. 

You can see Bodhi trees in almost every temple in Thailand. And most of them are wrapped with colorful pieces of cloth the locals put up to highlight the tree’s sacredness.

Another notable feature of Bodhi is its leaves. They have a shape similar to a heart. Even though this doesn’t symbolize anything in Thai culture, it’s still a feature unique to this tree.

For its functionality, Bodhi doesn’t provide much. Despite its massive size and wood volume, Thai people don’t cut Bodhi trees to make houses. The tree is considered too sacred to cut or use for anything.

3. Durian (ทุเรียน)

For those who don’t know, Durians are the king of fruit. The reason for that is unclear. But what’s clear about it is this fruit will hurt you if you don’t handle it carefully.

Durian fruit is covered with a thick thorny shell. This makes harvesting and peeling a painful experience if you’re not a pro. But the golden flesh waiting for you inside might make it worth it.

Even though Durians are called the king of fruit, they’re not always delicious. Why? Because Durians have a unique smell that will appeal to some people but repel others away. You either love it or hate it — no middle ground. Even the locals are divided when it comes to Durians’ edibility. 

Despite its controversial flavor, Durians are still on the top list of Thai “lucky” trees. Since they have golden flesh, Thai people believe they invite wealth and prosperity. So, some houses may have a Durian tree even though nobody in the family eats the fruit.

4. Star Gooseberry or Mayom (มะยม)

This tree is also one of many “lucky” trees in Thailand.

Locals believe that if you plant this tree in front of your house, the community will love your household. This might sound superstitious (and it is), but it actually has an origin.

In Thai, Star Gooseberry is called “Mayom” (มะยม). This name sounds similar to “Niyom,” which means famous or beloved. So, plant “Mayom” in front of your house, and people will “Niyom” you.

As the name suggests, this tree is a kind of berry. And that means you can eat its fruit. However, the taste of the raw fruit is either too astringent or too sour. So, people sugarcoat it and enjoy it as sweet.

Another (not so) funny thing about Star Gooseberry is its hidden functionality. In the old days, Thai people believed you should discipline your children by spanking. And they don’t spank with bare hands. They use a branch of this tree.

The leafless Star Gooseberry branch is thin and long. So it is a perfect tool to spank someone with. The damage is nothing significant, but it definitely sends the message.

5. Jack Fruit Tree or Kanoon (ขนุน)

Yet another “lucky” tree of Thailand.

If Star Gooseberry is meant to be planted at the front of your house, Jack Fruit is one for the back. The logic is quite similar. Yes, it’s another pun.

In Thai, Jack Fruit is called “Kanoon.” And as you can see, the name has “noon.” And “noon” (หนุน) means “to support.” So, plant this tree at the back of your house, so someone (or some mysterious power) will “back you up.”

Jack Fruit trees have a similar-looking fruit to Durians. They both have spiky shells. However, Jack Fruit’s thorns are short and not as strong as durian.

For the taste, Jack Fruit is sweet. And most people are okay with eating it since its smell is “normal.” Several Thai desserts even include this fruit to add a different shade of sweetness to the dish.

Thai flowers, Thai values

As you can see, Thailand’s popular plants and flowers also reflect local culture and values. 

Some of them might make sense. Some of them might not. But those are what makes Thailand such a fascinating place to visit. Even trees are culturally significant in this country.

So, if you’re a big fan of floral and botanical study, find time to go to Thailand. You will definitely enjoy your time there.

Like always, if you want to discover more about Thailand, stay guided with ThaiGuider. You might learn something you never knew about this unique country.

▸ CHECK OUT all our guides on Thai Culture here.

The post 10 Beautiful Thai Flowers & Plants Symbolic in Thai Culture appeared first on ThaiGuider.

From Buddhist temples to traditional Thai art, such as paintings, architecture, and sculptures, lotus flowers are a frequent presence. But why?

In this article, you will learn more about Thai lotus flowers and their importance in Thai culture. But that’s not all. That’s because they are more than just a national symbol. These special flowers have been instrumental in supporting the livelihoods of Thai people and driving economic growth.

You’ll also discover the best places to see (and even buy) them. So, read on.

What are Lotus flowers?

Lotus flowers are perennial aquatic plants that have been regarded as the “Queen of Water Plants (ราชินีแห่งไม้น้ำ)” as they can adapt to any environment. (Source)

Lotuses are native to Thailand and many places around the world, in different tropical climates and cold zones. They have a variety of colors, sizes, shapes, and scents depending on their families and species.

In Thailand, there are 3 distinctive and common families of lotus flowers: (Source, Source)

1. Genus: Nelumbo ~ (Thai name: Pathumchat (ปทุมชาติ)); Family: Nelumbonaceae.
2. Genus: Nymphaea ~ (Thai name: Ubonchat (อุบลชาติ)); Family: Nymphaeaceae.
3. Genus: Victoria Lindley ~ (Thai name: Victoria (วิกตอเรีย)); Family: Nymphaeaceae.

All these genera of lotus flowers have a significant role in Thai religion, however, the most important and popular religious symbol is Nelumbo.

The many names of Lotus flowers in the Thai language

Fun fact: Thai people have a lot of different words for lotus flowers.

It is well known that the common name for lotus in the Thai language is “Dok Bua (ดอกบัว)” or “Bua (บัว).” However, there are over 60 other names (synonyms) for lotus – most of which are euphemisms that have been used since ancient times.

They appear in literature, aphorisms, poems, proverbs, and Buddhist scriptures. For example:

Komol (โกมล), Jongkol (จงกล), Nilubon (นิลุบล), Bongkot (บงกช), Buntharik (บุณฑริก), Busakorn (บุษกร), Pathum (ปทุม), Sattabongkot (สัตตบงกช), Saroj (สาโรช), Uthumphon (อุทุมพร), Ubon (อุบล), and so forth. (Source)

These words are mostly borrowed from Pali and Sanskrit languages. They are also commonly used to name people, places, and any objects, such as Ubon Ratchathani Province (จังหวัดอุบลราชธานี) and Pathum Thani Province (จังหวัดปทุมธานี).

The sacred Lotus flower in Thailand

The sacred lotus, also known as “Bua Luang (บัวหลวง),” is classified as the edible aquatic plant of the family Nelumbonaceae, genus Nelumbo Adans L., species: Nelumbo nucifera. (Scientific name: Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.)

These lotus flowers are commonly found in tropical and subtropical areas and are widely cultivated in Australia, India, Egypt, East Asia, and Southeast Asia.

The sacred lotus flower in Thailand have two colors (white and pink/ red), divided into 4 varieties:

1. Saddhabutra (สัตตบุษย์) or Bua Chat Khao (บัวฉัตรขาว)
2. Sattabongkot (สัตตบงกช) or Bua Chat Daeng (บัวฉัตรแดง)
3. Pathum (ปทุม) or Bua Laem Daeng (บัวแหลมแดง)
4. Punttarika (ปุณฑริก/ บุณฑริกา) or Bua Laem Khao (บัวแหลมขาว)

However, the only two major ‘commercial cultivars’ are Saddhabutra and Sattabongkot, which are used for religious purposes.

Botanical characteristics:

The sacred lotus has large green round leaves. Their leaves are slightly hairy and can grow up to about 60 cm and can be funnel-shaped or cup-shaped. The stems are thorns petioles (stems of flowers and leaves hold high out of the water’s surface).

The large flowers are 1.8 meters height above the water with strong petioles. Their flowers can be up to 25 cm long in the bud and have a pointed shape with double and single petals (50 petals each).

The petals are different from white to red. The fruits look like nut fruits that are produced on the flat upper surface of an expanded fleshy capsule-like structure. The seeds have an extremely hard shell. (Source)

Sacred Lotus in the Heritage of Thai Society

The sacred lotuses are one of the most meaningful Thai flowers, as for many centuries as they have been associated with human beings and their way of life in any aspect.

These lotus flowers always appear in Thai literature, language, beliefs, places, artworks, food, wisdom, and much more.

Sacred Lotus in Thai beliefs, religions, and rituals

The sacred lotus flowers generally symbolize spiritual transcendence, purity, and faith and represent spiritual enlightenment for Buddhism in Thailand. (Source)

They are a symbol of the historical Lord Buddha, whether the Buddha is sitting, standing, walking, lying, or in any posture, the lotuses are always beneath him.

Therefore, lotus flowers are always depicted in the form of paintings, buildings, architectural components, artworks, and sculptures (especially, the construction of the Buddha images is often enshrined on a base decorated with lotus motifs).

In dharma practice, the lotus flowers are also used as a metaphor in the Buddhist doctrine of the “Four Types of Lotuses.” This compares humans to each type of lotus flower growing and standing at different levels above the ground and how much a person can understand the Dhamma and general matters. (Source)

This story is regularly taught to Thai students in order to instill them into better people and for self-improvement.

Because of these beliefs, the lotus flowers are a part of many Buddhist traditions, rituals, and ceremonies. For example, the ordination ceremony, the Tak Bat Devo tradition, and Loy Krathong Festival.

Therefore, they are used as an offering or a medium to worship and pay homage to all sacred things during this important time.

Sacred Lotus as food

Thailand is famous for its unique food culture. It is widely known that most natural ingredients can be used in Thai food, even if at first they seem inedible.

Lotus plants are also one of the wild edible plants in Thailand.

As such, they are used in food recipes that have been passed down from generation to generation. All parts of the lotus can be used for cooking, for example: (Source)

1. Lotus seeds can be eaten both fresh and dried for savory and sweet dishes.
2. Lotus root is popularly dried for making desserts and snacks.
3. Lotus sprouts can be used for cooking both fresh and dry.
4. Lotus stems can be used as a substitute for many types of vegetables.
5. Lotus leaves cannot be eaten but they are commonly used for wrapping food.
6. Lotus pollens can be used to make tea.
7. Lotus petals can be used as a substitute for many types of vegetables – the most famous one for tourists is “Miang Kham Bua Luang (เมี่ยงคำบัวหลวง).”

Sacred Lotus as traditional medicine

Lotus flower is not only part of Thailand’s food culture, but it is also ingested for its medicinal benefits.

As a powerful herb, every part of the flower (from pollen, petals, seeds, sprouts, leaves, roots, to rhizomes) can be used as an ingredient in traditional Thai medicine, such as, for heart tonics, relieving fever, relieving fatigue, expectorant, relieving colic, treating diarrhea, and much more.

Interestingly, pharmacological studies show that lotus pollens have antioxidant activity and can reduce AChE enzymes that help prevent Alzheimer’s disease.

Lotus petals are also believed to lower blood sugar levels and reduce the risk of coronary heart disease. It has been suggested that the rhizome can relieve fever and treat heat inflammation. Also, with a mild and cool scent, it is also claimed that the flower can calm the mind and promote a better night’s sleep. (Source)

*Disclaimer: Please note this is not medical advice, and it is not suggested that lotus flowers should be used as a substitute for conventional medical treatment. Always consult a professional physician.

Sacred Lotus in the Thai economy

The sacred lotus flower, including other varieties, is not only an important part of Thai culture but also plays a role in the Thai economy.

They represent one of the most famous ornamental and commercial cut Thai flowers, which are in demand all year round.

Therefore, they are cultivated for flower production. The main cultivating areas for lotus flowers are in Nonthaburi, Nakhon Pathom, Suphan Buri, Ubon Ratchathani, Khon Kaen, Phichit, Phayao, Nakhon Sawan, Phitsanulok and Phatthalung Province. These areas produce a large number of cut lotus flowers and export them worldwide (such as in Austria, the United States, Singapore, and Japan).

Therefore, its appeal and popularity stretch significantly further than the Land of Smiles and offers itself as an important economic export, now and for the future.

Where and when to see Lotus flowers in Thailand?

Lotus flowers can flourish everywhere in Thailand, as they are very adaptable to local environments. In a household area with a suitable temperature, they always bloom all day from early morning until midday.

Naturally, the most blooming season for lotus flowers is during the winter from late November to early March.

If you want to admire the beautiful Thai flowers in their nature, here are 4 famous destinations that you should not miss:

Red Lotus Lake:

Red Lotus Lake (Thai name: ทะเลบัวแดง) is located in Udon Thani Province, Northeast of Thailand. This is a large freshwater swamp (over 46.5 square kilometers) which is a natural water source that is plenty with many species of fish, birds, and aquatic plants.

In this place, there are pink lotus flowers blooming every year from late November to early March.

Tourists can take a boat to see the beauty of lotus flowers during this time (The price for the big boat is 300 THB per 10 persons in 45-60 minutes, while for the long-tail boat is 100 THB per person). (Source, Source)

Wang Bua Daeng:

Wang Bua Daeng (Thai name: วังบัวแดง, หนองบ่อ, หนองบัวแดง) is located in Nong Khai Province, Northeast of Thailand. This place is a large natural swamp filled with red, white, and pink lotus flowers blooming over 3 square kilometers from December to early March.

Tourists can visit and take a boat during 06.00 – 12.00 (The service charge is 50 THB for adults and 25 THB for children). (Source)

Bueng Boraphet:

Bueng Boraphet (Thai name: ทุ่งบัวแดงบึงบอระเพ็ด) is located in Nakhon Sawan Province, Upper Central Thailand. This place is the largest freshwater lake in Thailand (212 square kilometers) with approximately 148 species of animals (including rare species) and 44 aquatic plants.

Recently, after the water in the marsh receded, a large number of lotuses emerged from the water in two areas, covering an area of 2 square kilometers. Tourists can take a boat to see lotus flowers. The price for the big boat is 600 THB per 10 persons in 1 hour). (Source)

Red Lotus Flower Market:

Red Lotus Floating Market (Thai name: ตลาดน้ำทุ่งบัวแดง) is located in Nakorn Pathom, Central Thailand. This floating market is divided into 3 zones: the local market zone, the cafe zone, and the lotus lake zone.

The lotus zone has a large area of ​​0.04 square kilometers. There is a boat service for tourists who want to see lotus flowers closer and its charge is 100 THB per 4 persons in 20 minutes. (Source)

Where to buy Lotus flowers in Thailand?

If you want to buy fresh lotus flowers, you can go to any fresh markets in Thailand and ask some local people for Thai flower shops or flower stalls.

If you stay in Bangkok, the recommended place where you can buy lotus flowers is the Flower Market or Pak Khlong Talat (Thai name: ปากคลองตลาด). This is the largest and cheapest Thailand flower market where you can buy all kinds of flowers.

Thai Lotus flowers are special.

Traditionally, the lotus flowers are very important to Thailand. They are not only beautiful to look at, but they have also played a role in various cultural activities of Thai society – whether it be beliefs, artworks, literature, medicine, food, and wisdom.

As a country rich in culture and uniqueness, Thailand is known for having many official and unofficial national symbols, such as its tuk-tuks, temples, elephants as its national animal, and even the Ratchaphruek as its national flower.

Lotus flowers may tend to go unnoticed by the average tourist in Thailand, but when you visit Thailand, you’ll see lotus flowers everywhere. And if you pay attention to them, you will see the deep relationships the Thai people have with them.

Like always, if you want to discover more about Thailand, stay guided by ThaiGuider. You might learn something you never knew about this unique country.

▸ CHECK OUT our complete guides on Thai flowers and Thai symbols here.

The post Sacred Thai Lotus Flowers: Their Importance in Thai Culture appeared first on ThaiGuider.

When thinking about iconic Thailand animals, you may already know about the significance of elephants in Thai culture, since they have had an important role throughout Thai history. But, do you know what is the national flower of Thailand?

Although it was nominated to be listed as one of the symbols of Thailand in 1963, Ratchaphruek (also known as the golden shower) officially became Thailand’s national flower on October 26, 2001. It is also the national tree of Thailand.

This article will help you get to know all about Ratchaphruek – the Thailand national flower (and tree) – from understanding its natural features to its importance in Thai culture.

6 Reasons Why the Golden Shower Flower Is the National Flower of Thailand

The Ratchaphruek flower was designated as one of the three national symbols of Thailand by the National Identity Committee in collaboration with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, and the Ministry of Education.

(The other two important symbols are the elephant as the national animal of Thailand and the Thai pavilion as the national architecture of Thailand.)

The Ratchaphruek flower was chosen to promote the image of Thailand for these 6 reasons:

1. It is a widely known native tree of Thailand and can be seen in every region of the country.

2. It can be used for a variety of purposes from using it as medicine to a house structure.

3. It is very strong, durable, and long-lasting.

4. Its yellow color flowers symbolize glory, harmony, and unity which is associated with Buddhism. 

5. Its elegant yellow color flowers are the same color as the royal birthday (Monday’s color) of King Rama IX of the Chakri Dynasty. Therefore it was named “Ratchaphruek,” which means the royal tree.

6. Its background is related to many important traditions in Thailand and is also an auspicious tree that is commonly planted or used in some sacred places.

Get to Know the Ratchaphruek Flower and Tree

Ratchaphruek (ราชพฤกษ์) is the official Thai name that means “royal tree,” and there are also many local names that vary from the different regions of Thailand.

Here’s a complete list of names associated with the Ratchaphruek:

Ratchaphruek Botanical Features:

Ratchaphruek is a medium-sized type of tree with strong, durable wood and is generally evergreen. It is typically 8 – 15 meters tall (but can be up to 20 meters) and is 0.5 – 0.75 meters in diameter.

They have different shapes and sizes depending on height and width. Their stalks are usually glabrous and smooth and their flowers are a vibrant and eye-catching yellow color. (Source, Source)

Leaves: The leaves are deciduous with compound and alternate structures (15 – 40 cm long) and pinnate with leaflets 4 – 8 pairs (4 – 8 cm broad and 7 – 21 cm long) in oblong-ovate and acute at the apex. They are green to dark green in color. 

Flowers: The flowers are bright yellow in color, the pendulous racemes are 30 – 60 cm long, and each flower is 4 – 7 cm in diameter with five yellow petals of equal size and shape; calyx oblong, pubescent, and ovate. The flowers appear mainly from February to May (especially during the dry season) in Thailand. While the flowers are blooming, they are leafless. 

Fruits: The fruit is a legume and indehiscent pod, 40 – 60 cm long and 1 – 2 cm in diameter, containing 25 – 100 seeds and having a pungent odor. The fruits develop rapidly during October and start falling from January to April.

Ecology/Distribution: Cassia trees are generally considered to be native to the Indian subcontinent (India and Sri Lanka) and possibly extend to adjacent regions of Southeast Asia (Indonesia, Peninsular Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand) and southern China.

They are now widespread in tropical areas, usually in deciduous forests of East Africa, Indian Ocean islands, and the Pacific Ocean islands. They are also cultivated as ornamental trees throughout the tropical regions of Southeast Asia, Central and South America, and some tropical African countries. (Source)

In Thailand, Ratchaphruek is a common tree species found in deciduous and dry mixed forests, ascending 50 – 500 meters above sea level. Most of them are found in the north of Thailand, however, they are distributed throughout the country after becoming Thailand’s national flower and tree. (Source)

How Important Is Ratchaphruek in Thai Culture?

Ratchaphruek in Traditional Thai Medicine:

These golden shower trees are widely used in Thai folklore medicine. They are considered mild laxative and anti-fungal pills which were used against various disorders: haematemesis, pruritus, diabetes, and other diseases (7). Different parts of the Ratchaphruek tree have medicinal properties as follows (8):

Pods: They are non-toxic with sweet, slightly sour, and bad smells. These parts are used as expectorant, anthelmintic, laxative, and anti-malarial drugs.

Fruits/ Fruits in pods: They have a sweet taste. They are used as an anthelmintic, laxative, and antimalarial drugs, and also joint pain relievers.

Seeds: They are used s are laxative and antiemetic drugs.

Flowers: They are bitter and sour. These parts are used as a diuretic drug for stomach problems and chronic ulcers.

Leaves: They have an intoxicating taste and are used to cure atopic dermatitis (eczema).

Roots: They are used to reduce fever, treat the gallbladder, cure eczema or any skin diseases, and treat infected and inflamed wounds.

Barks: They can help neutralize toxins and antiemetics.

Every part of the Cassia trees can be ground or pounded into fine powder for eating and applying to the skin or even dissolved in water for drinking as tea.

Ratchaphruek in Thai Beliefs, Religions, and Rituals

Ratchaphruek is mainly associated with the belief in auspiciousness. The Ratchaphruek flowers are used in various important ceremonies in Buddhism, combined with superstitions.

For example:

• The city pillar shrine: To worship and give offerings according to the establishment day of the city pillar shrine.
• House blessing/ healing ceremony: To protect the inhabitants of any residents from misfortune.
• Fortune ceremony: To change one’s bad fortune through a ceremony, and so forth

Interestingly, the belief of Ratchaphruek is also linked to the feng shui – the idea of understanding any place in the world as inspired by elements in Taoism and based on the cycles of nature to create harmony in life and spaces.

With this, Thai people in the past and the elders these days believe that those who live in houses surrounded by these trees, especially in the southwest of the houses, will bring honor, dignity, and prosperity.

Ratchaphruek in Thai Festivals

The Ratchaphruek flowers are a symbol of the Songkran Festival (Thai New Year Days) on April 13 – 15 of every year, which is the time when the flowers are in full bloom.

Therefore, it is regarded as a symbol of the beginning of the festival of happiness in Thai families.

This belief mostly appears in northern and northeast Thailand where people decorate flowers to worship the deity and buddha. People also put the Ratchaphruek flowers in the holy water to bathe Buddhist sculptures and pour this water onto the elderly members of the family to show respect and gratitude.

Where and When to See the Ratchaphruek Flower 

If you are interested in seeing Ratchaphruek flowers, the perfect time to see them is during the Songkran Festival in April or between February and May when the flowers appear.

They will be everywhere along the inter-provincial roads and some places will look like natural flower tunnels along the way, especially in northern and northeastern Thailand. 

The Thailand national flower

The Ratchaphruek is not only the beautiful national flower of Thailand, but its uniqueness extends to its Thai cultural background – whether it be belief, religion, or wisdom.

They are often displayed at auspicious ceremonies and important festivals as they symbolize glory, harmony, and unity. If you visit Thailand and have the opportunity to admire these eye-catching flowers in full bloom, be sure to pay attention to the story behind them!

Like always, if you want to discover more about Thailand, stay guided by ThaiGuider. You might learn something you never knew about this unique country.

▸ CHECK OUT our complete guides on Thai flowers and Thai symbols here.

The post Ratchaphruek: The Beautiful Thailand National Flower & Tree appeared first on ThaiGuider.